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This chapter focuses on the fundamentals of communication in event‐based neuromorphic electronic systems. Overall considerations on requirements for communication and circuit‐ versus packet‐switched systems are followed by an introduction to Address‐Event Representation (AER), asynchronous handshake protocols, address encoders, and address decoders. There follows a section on considerations regarding...
This chapter introduces biological and silicon retinas, focusing on recently developed silicon retina vision sensors with an asynchronous address‐event output. The first part of the chapter introduces biological retinas and four examples of Address‐Event Representation (AER) retinas. The second part of the chapter discusses the details of some of the pixel designs and the specifications of these sensors...
While the previous chapter was about neuromorphic silicon retinas, this one is on silicon cochleas. The cochlea is biology's sound sensor – it turns vibrations in the air into a neural signal. This chapter briefly explains the operation of the various components of the biological cochlea and introduces circuits that can simulate these components. Silicon cochlea designs typically divide the biological...
This chapter turns from the sensors discussed in Chapters 3 and 4 to the motor output side of neuromorphic systems. Understanding how to engineer biological motor systems has far reaching implications, particularly in the fields of medicine and robotics. However, there are many complexities when it comes to understanding biological design. This chapter describes ways in which scientists and engineers...
In this chapter, we address some general theoretical issues concerning synaptic plasticity as the mechanism underlying learning in neural networks, in the context of neuromorphic VLSI systems, and provide a few implementation examples to illustrate the principles. It ties to Chapters 3 and 4 on neuromorphic sensors by proposing theoretical means for utilizing events for learning. It is an interesting...
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